Read The Locomotive, Vol. 12: January, 1891 (Classic Reprint)

The Locomotive, Vol. 12: January, 1891 (Classic Reprint)

Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Company

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Description:Excerpt from The Locomotive, Vol. 12: January, 1891 At present, when we roll a bar of iron, we pass it endwise between a pair of rolls turning in opposite directions. Grooves are cut around the rolls of the sectional form desired in the finished bar, and the bar is forced into these grooves. The rolls do not make the bar revolve. They act simply on its surface, drawing the material forward and forcing it into the prepared grooves at the same time that they lengthen it and reduce its sectional area. The fiber produced in the finished product is, of course, longitudinal. Another way of rolling is known, and is used for straightening and polishing bars. Two or three rolls, running parallel to each other, or nearly so, are used, and the bar is introduced in the direction of their axes instead of perpendicularly thereto. In such rolls the bar is not drawn forward, but simply rotates. It is elongated if sufficient pressure is used, but no decided fiber is produced. The Mannesmann process occupies a sort of intermediate position between the two. Two (or three) rolls are used, as shown in the cut, but they do not lie parallel to one another. Their axes form acute angles with one another, and with the bar lying between them. When thus set, the rolls act on the bar to draw it forward, as well as to make it revolve, or, in other words, they impart to it a spiral movement. Though constructively both systems of mills may appear much the same, they differ widely in their mode of working and in their results. This arises from the position which the article acted upon, and which we will continue to call a bar, is made to take up, and the very different action and form of the rolls. In the Mannesmann machine a certain relation is maintained between the forward movement of the bar and its rotating movement, and if the proportion between longitudinal and rotary motion is properly adjusted to the special material acted on, the displacement in the substance of the bar is regulated so that a systematic twist is given to the fiber by which not only irregular breakage of the material is avoided, but an energetic working action is secured, causing the great strength and toughness the tubes produced by this process are proved to possess. The old straightening and polishing machine, although outwardly similar to the Mannesmann tube-rolling machine, owing to the form and position of the rolls and bar, admits of no twisting and displacement of material, and consequently this machine confines itself to surface action, as, indeed, it professes to do by its title. The following remarks may assist in clearing up this singular difference, and explain the peculiar action of the Mannesmann rolls, which, while acting on the outer surface of a solid bar, produce a regular hollow space inside the same, in short, a tube. To obtain a simple forward spiral action of the bar, the length of the rolls is immaterial; it will take place when the rolls are reduced to the form of thin disks. Supposing the disks to be infinitely thin, or, what is the same thing, that their outer edges are reduced to a mathematical line, and no sliding motion takes place, the bar must still move forward spirally, its spiral velocity being equal to the velocity of the outer circumference of the disks. If, instead of one pair of such thin disks, several pairs of disks of regularly increasing diameters are made to revolve on the same axis, the outer circumference of each disk will revolve with greater velocity than that of the preceding one. The same bar is, however, drawn forward through the several pairs of disks, and thus, as each part of the bar enters successively a more advanced pair of disks, the velocity with which that portion of the bar rotates increases, and it is drawn forward by each succeeding j)air of disks, as they catch hold of it, with ever increasing speed.We have made it easy for you to find a PDF Ebooks without any digging. And by having access to our ebooks online or by storing it on your computer, you have convenient answers with The Locomotive, Vol. 12: January, 1891 (Classic Reprint). To get started finding The Locomotive, Vol. 12: January, 1891 (Classic Reprint), you are right to find our website which has a comprehensive collection of manuals listed.
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ISBN: 1332152392

Description: Excerpt from The Locomotive, Vol. 12: January, 1891 At present, when we roll a bar of iron, we pass it endwise between a pair of rolls turning in opposite directions. Grooves are cut around the rolls of the sectional form desired in the finished bar, and the bar is forced into these grooves. The rolls do not make the bar revolve. They act simply on its surface, drawing the material forward and forcing it into the prepared grooves at the same time that they lengthen it and reduce its sectional area. The fiber produced in the finished product is, of course, longitudinal. Another way of rolling is known, and is used for straightening and polishing bars. Two or three rolls, running parallel to each other, or nearly so, are used, and the bar is introduced in the direction of their axes instead of perpendicularly thereto. In such rolls the bar is not drawn forward, but simply rotates. It is elongated if sufficient pressure is used, but no decided fiber is produced. The Mannesmann process occupies a sort of intermediate position between the two. Two (or three) rolls are used, as shown in the cut, but they do not lie parallel to one another. Their axes form acute angles with one another, and with the bar lying between them. When thus set, the rolls act on the bar to draw it forward, as well as to make it revolve, or, in other words, they impart to it a spiral movement. Though constructively both systems of mills may appear much the same, they differ widely in their mode of working and in their results. This arises from the position which the article acted upon, and which we will continue to call a bar, is made to take up, and the very different action and form of the rolls. In the Mannesmann machine a certain relation is maintained between the forward movement of the bar and its rotating movement, and if the proportion between longitudinal and rotary motion is properly adjusted to the special material acted on, the displacement in the substance of the bar is regulated so that a systematic twist is given to the fiber by which not only irregular breakage of the material is avoided, but an energetic working action is secured, causing the great strength and toughness the tubes produced by this process are proved to possess. The old straightening and polishing machine, although outwardly similar to the Mannesmann tube-rolling machine, owing to the form and position of the rolls and bar, admits of no twisting and displacement of material, and consequently this machine confines itself to surface action, as, indeed, it professes to do by its title. The following remarks may assist in clearing up this singular difference, and explain the peculiar action of the Mannesmann rolls, which, while acting on the outer surface of a solid bar, produce a regular hollow space inside the same, in short, a tube. To obtain a simple forward spiral action of the bar, the length of the rolls is immaterial; it will take place when the rolls are reduced to the form of thin disks. Supposing the disks to be infinitely thin, or, what is the same thing, that their outer edges are reduced to a mathematical line, and no sliding motion takes place, the bar must still move forward spirally, its spiral velocity being equal to the velocity of the outer circumference of the disks. If, instead of one pair of such thin disks, several pairs of disks of regularly increasing diameters are made to revolve on the same axis, the outer circumference of each disk will revolve with greater velocity than that of the preceding one. The same bar is, however, drawn forward through the several pairs of disks, and thus, as each part of the bar enters successively a more advanced pair of disks, the velocity with which that portion of the bar rotates increases, and it is drawn forward by each succeeding j)air of disks, as they catch hold of it, with ever increasing speed.We have made it easy for you to find a PDF Ebooks without any digging. And by having access to our ebooks online or by storing it on your computer, you have convenient answers with The Locomotive, Vol. 12: January, 1891 (Classic Reprint). To get started finding The Locomotive, Vol. 12: January, 1891 (Classic Reprint), you are right to find our website which has a comprehensive collection of manuals listed.
Our library is the biggest of these that have literally hundreds of thousands of different products represented.

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The Locomotive, Vol. 12: January, 1891 (Classic Reprint)

The Locomotive, Vol. 12: January, 1891 (Classic Reprint)

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