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Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and Human T-cell Lymphotropic Viruses

IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

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Description:Evaluates the carcinogenic risk to humans posed by infections with human immunodeficiency viruses types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and human T-cell lymphotropic viruses types I and II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II). Although emphasis is placed on carcinogenicity assessment, the monographs also provide richly detailed descriptions of the viruses' genetic and structural features, methods of detection, routes of transmission, geographical distribution of infection, clinical manifestations of non-neoplastic disorders, and currently available methods of treatment and prevention. For HIV infection, the evaluation of studies of cancer in humans considers abundant evidence, from case reports and epidemiological studies, pointing to greatly increased incidences of Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in persons infected with HIV-1. Data suggesting an association between HIV infection and cervical, anal, and several other cancers are also carefully assessed. Other data considered include findings from animal studies and investigations of the mechanisms by which immune dysfunction may contribute to the genesis of cancer. On the basis of this evaluation, the monograph concludes that infection with HIV-1 is carcinogenic to humans. Infection with HIV-2 was classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. The second monograph provides a similarly detailed evaluation of human T-cell lymphotropic viruses, which are the only known human oncornavirinae. Concerning studies of cancer in humans, particular attention is given to evidence of an association between HTLV-I and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, which occurs almost exclusively in areas where this infection is endemic. In addition, several case-control studies have found an association between HTLV-I seroprevalence and tumors of the vagina, cervix and liver, but confounding effects and bias could not be excluded. The evaluation also considered findings from animal carcinogenicity studies and from investigations of the molecular mechanisms of leukemogenesis. On the basis of this evaluation, the monograph concludes that HTLV-I is carcinogenic to humans. HTLV-II could not be classified as to its carcinogenicity to humans.We have made it easy for you to find a PDF Ebooks without any digging. And by having access to our ebooks online or by storing it on your computer, you have convenient answers with Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and Human T-cell Lymphotropic Viruses. To get started finding Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and Human T-cell Lymphotropic Viruses, you are right to find our website which has a comprehensive collection of manuals listed.
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Pages: 452

Format: PDF, EPUB & Kindle Edition

Publisher: World Health Organization

Release: 1996

ISBN: c8ZrAAAAMAAJ

Description: Evaluates the carcinogenic risk to humans posed by infections with human immunodeficiency viruses types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and human T-cell lymphotropic viruses types I and II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II). Although emphasis is placed on carcinogenicity assessment, the monographs also provide richly detailed descriptions of the viruses' genetic and structural features, methods of detection, routes of transmission, geographical distribution of infection, clinical manifestations of non-neoplastic disorders, and currently available methods of treatment and prevention. For HIV infection, the evaluation of studies of cancer in humans considers abundant evidence, from case reports and epidemiological studies, pointing to greatly increased incidences of Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in persons infected with HIV-1. Data suggesting an association between HIV infection and cervical, anal, and several other cancers are also carefully assessed. Other data considered include findings from animal studies and investigations of the mechanisms by which immune dysfunction may contribute to the genesis of cancer. On the basis of this evaluation, the monograph concludes that infection with HIV-1 is carcinogenic to humans. Infection with HIV-2 was classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. The second monograph provides a similarly detailed evaluation of human T-cell lymphotropic viruses, which are the only known human oncornavirinae. Concerning studies of cancer in humans, particular attention is given to evidence of an association between HTLV-I and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, which occurs almost exclusively in areas where this infection is endemic. In addition, several case-control studies have found an association between HTLV-I seroprevalence and tumors of the vagina, cervix and liver, but confounding effects and bias could not be excluded. The evaluation also considered findings from animal carcinogenicity studies and from investigations of the molecular mechanisms of leukemogenesis. On the basis of this evaluation, the monograph concludes that HTLV-I is carcinogenic to humans. HTLV-II could not be classified as to its carcinogenicity to humans.We have made it easy for you to find a PDF Ebooks without any digging. And by having access to our ebooks online or by storing it on your computer, you have convenient answers with Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and Human T-cell Lymphotropic Viruses. To get started finding Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and Human T-cell Lymphotropic Viruses, you are right to find our website which has a comprehensive collection of manuals listed.
Our library is the biggest of these that have literally hundreds of thousands of different products represented.

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Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and Human T-cell Lymphotropic Viruses

Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and Human T-cell Lymphotropic Viruses

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